The term “macro photography” is most often defined as close-up photographs taken with macro lenses, but isn’t always the case. True, macro lenses are designed to deliver life-size photographs of small objects with sharp edge-to-edge detail, but macro lenses are not the only tools of the trade when it comes to going face-to-face with bumblebees.
If macro photography is something you’d like to delve into without first having to invest in a macro lens, you have several options to choose from—close-up filters, reversal rings, and extension tubes. They each get you in real close using your existing lenses with similar—though visually different—results.
How Close Is “Macro Close”?
Technically speaking, macro means life-size (1:1), and micro means greater than life-size, but you cannot always take the nomenclature at face value. B&H stocks macro lenses that focus down to 5x life-size (5:1), and even though that’s technically micro-focusing, they’re still labeled macro lenses. Nikon has traditionally called its macro lenses “Micro-NIKKOR” lenses, even though most older models only focused down to half life-size (1:2). Nikon still refers to its macro lenses as Micro-NIKKORs, but at least the new ones actually focus to life size.
The Average Normal Lens Only Focuses Down to About 18"
Without additional close-focusing accessories, the average normal lens focuses down to about 16" to18", which minimally magnifies your subject. The photographs of orchids below were taken with a Nikon NIKKOR 50mm f/1.2 AI-S lens at f/2, f/5.6, and f/11 to illustrate how the lens renders focus and depth of field without using close-focusing aids.
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